Members of the Venice Commission

Individual Members

Members

•	Mr Viktor GUMI, General Director of Codification, Ministry of Justice

Algeria

•	M. Boualem BESSAÏH, President, Constitutional Council

•	M. Mohamed HABCHI, Member, Constitutional Council (Substitute Member)

•	Mr Hachemi ADALA, Member, Constitutional Council (Substitute Member)

Andorra

•	Mr Joan MONEGAL BLASI, Lawyer

Armenia

•	Mr Gagik G. HARUTYUNYAN, President, Constitutional Court

•	Mr Armen HARUTUNIAN, Human Rights defender of the Republic of Armenia (Substitute Member)

Austria

•	Mr Christoph GRABENWARTER, Judge, Constitutional Court of Austria

•	Ms Gabriele KUCSKO-STADLMAYER, Professor, University of Vienna (Substitute Member)

Azerbaijan

•	Mr Latif HUSEYNOV, Professor of Public International Law, Baku State University

Belgium

•	Mr Jan VELAERS, Professor, University of Antwerp

•	M. Jean-Claude SCHOLSEM, Professor, University of Liege (Substitute Member)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

•	Mr Cazim SADIKOVIC, Dean, Professor, University of Sarajevo Faculty of Administration

Brazil

•	Mr Gilmar Ferreira MENDES, President, Federal Supreme Court

•	Mr Antonio Cezar PELUSO, Vice President, Federal Supreme Court l (Substitute Member)

Bulgaria

•	Mr Evgeni TANCHEV, Judge, Constitutional Court

•	Mr Plamen KIROV, Judge, Constitutional Court (Substitute Member)

Chile

•	Mr Mario FERNANDEZ BAEZA, Judge, Constitutional Court

•	Ms Marisol PENA TORRES, Judge, Constitutional Court (Substitute Member)

Croatia

•	Mr Ivan SIMONOVIC, Minister of Justice

•	Ms Jasna OMEJEC, President, Constitutional Court (Substitute Member)

Cyprus

•	Mr Myron Michael NICOLATOS, Judge, Supreme Court (Substitute Member)

•	Mr Frixos NICOLAIDES, Judge, Supreme Court

Czech Republic

•	Mr Cyril SVOBODA, Chairman of the Legislative Council, MP, Former Deputy Prime Minister, Former Minister of Foreign Affairs

•	Mrs Eliska WAGNEROVA, Vice-President, Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic (Substitute Member)

Denmark

•	Mr Jorgen Steen SORENSEN, Director of Public Prosecutions

•	Mr Michael Hansen JENSEN, Professor, University of Aarhus (Substitute Member)

Estonia

•	Mr Oliver KASK, Judge, Tallinn Court of Appeal

•	Ms Berit AAVIKSOO, Lecturer in Constitutional Law, University of Tartu (Substitute Member)

Finland

•	Mr Kaarlo TUORI, Vice-President of the Venice Commission, Professor of Jurisprudence, Department of Public Law, University of Helsinki

•	Mr Matti NIEMIVUO, Professor, University of Lapland (Substitute Member)

France

•	Mr Jean-Claude COLLIARD, President of the Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne, former member of the Constitutional Council

•	M. Olivier DUTHEILLET DE LAMOTHE, State Counsellor, member of the Constitutional Council (Substitute Member)

•	Mr Hubert HAENEL, Member of the State Council, Senator Haut-Rhin, President of the Senate delegation to the European Union, Sénat (Substitute Member)

Georgia

•	Mr George PAPUASHVILI, Chairman, Constitutional Court

•	Mr Konstantin VARDZELASHVILI, Deputy President, Constitutional Court (Substitute Member)

Germany

•	Mr Wolfgang HOFFMANN-RIEM, Former Judge, Federal Constitutional Court

•	Ms Angelika NUSSBERGER, Professor, Director, Institute for Eastern European Law, University of Cologne (Substitute Member)

Greece

•	Ms Kalliopi KOUFA, Professor of International Law, Aristote University

•	Ms Fani DASKALOPOULOU-LIVADA, Director, International law Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Substitute Member)

Hungary

•	Mr Peter PACZOLAY, President, Constitutional Court

•	Mr Laszlo TROCSANYI, Judge, Constitutional Court, Professor of Constitutional Law, University of Szeged (Substitute Member)

Iceland

•	Mr Hjörtur TORFASON, Former Judge, Supreme Court

•	Ms Herdis THORGEIRSDOTTIR, Professor, Faculty of Law, Bifrost School of Business (Substitute Member)

Ireland

•	Ms Finola FLANAGAN, Director General, Senior Legal Adviser, Head of the Office of the Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General

•	Mr James HAMILTON, Director of Public Prosecutions (Substitute Member)

Israel

•	Mr Dan MERIDOR, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Intelligence and Atomic Energy

•	Mr Eyal BENVENISTI, Professor, Tel Aviv University (Substitute Member)

Italy

•	Mr Sergio BARTOLE, Professor, University of Trieste

•	Mr Guido NEPPI MODONA, Professor, University of Turin (Substitute Member)

Korea, Republic

•	Mr Kong-Hyun LEE, Justice, Constitutional Court of Korea

•	Mr Boohwan HAN, Attorney at Law, Former Vice Minister of Justice of the Republic of Korea (Substitute Member)

Kyrgyzstan

•	Ms Svetlana SYDYKOVA, Chairperson, Constitutional Court

•	Mr Marat KAYPOV, Minister of Justice (Substitute Member)

Latvia

•	Mr Aivars ENDZINS, Former President of the Constitutional Court, Head of the Department of Public Law, Turiba School of Business Administration

Liechtenstein

•	Mr Harry GSTÖHL, Princely Justice Councillor, Attorney at Law, Harry Gstöhl and partner

•	Mr Wilfried HOOP, Partner, Hoop & Hoop (Substitute Member)

Lithuania

•	Mr Egidijus JARASIUNAS, Counsellor to the Chairman, Constitutional Court

•	Ms Zivile LIEKYTE, Director of the Department of Legislation and Public Law, Ministry of Justice (Substitute Member)

Luxembourg

•	Mme Lydie ERR, Member of Parliament, Chamber of Deputies

•	Mr Marc FISCHBACH, Mediator (Substitute Member)

Malta

•	Mr Ugo MIFSUD BONNICI, President Emeritus

Moldova

•	Mr Nicolae ESANU, Deputy Minister of Justice, Ministry of Justice

•	Ms Rodica SECRIERU, Adviser, Ministry of Justice (Substitute Member)

Monaco

•	M. Dominique CHAGNOLLAUD, Member of the Supreme Court, Professor, University of Law, Economics and Social Science Paris II

•	Mr Christophe SOSSO, Defence Lawyer, Court of Appeal (Substitute Member)

Montenegro

•	Mr Srdjan DARMANOVIC, Professor Director (CEDEM), University of Montenegro Faculty of Law

Morocco

•	Mr Abdellatif MENOUNI, Member, Constitutional Council

•	Mr Abdelaziz LAMGHARI, Professor, Public Law Department, Rabat (Substitute Member)

Netherlands

•	Mr Pieter VAN DIJK, State Councillor, President, Council of State, Administrative Jurisdiction Division

•	Mr Ben VERMEULEN, Professor of Constitutional, administrative and education law, University of Amsterdam (Substitute Member)

Norway

•	Mr Jan Erik HELGESEN, President of the Venice Commission Professor, University of Oslo

•	Mr Fredrik SEJERSTED, Professor, University of Oslo (Substitute Member)

Peru

•	Mr Carlos MESIA RAMIREZ, Vice President, Constitutional Tribunal

•	Mr Ernesto FIGUEROA BERNARDINI, Secretary Rapporteur, Constitutional Tribunal (Substitute Member)

Poland

•	Ms Hanna SUCHOCKA, Vice-President of the Venice Commission, Ambassador of Poland to the Holy See, Embassy of Poland

Portugal

•	Ms Maria Fernanda PALMA, Professor of Criminal Law, Law Faculty, University of Lisbon, Former Judge, Constitutional court

•	Mr Pedro BACELAR de VASCONCELOS, Professor of Constitutional Law, Law Faculty Minho University (Substitute Member)

Romania

•	Mr Lucian MIHAI, Professor, Faculty of Law Former President of the Constitutional Court, University of Bucharest

•	Mr Bogdan Lucian AURESCU, Secretary of State for Strategic Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Substitute Member)

Russia

•	Mr Valery D. ZORKIN, Vice-President of the Venice Commission, President, Constitutional Court

•	M. Valeriy MUSIN, Head of Division, Legal Faculty, St Petersburg State University (Substitute Member)

San Marino

•	Ms Barbara REFFI, State Attorney (Substitute Member)

Serbia

•	Mr Vojin DIMITRIJEVIC, Professor of Public International Law, Union University School of Law, Director, Belgrade Centre for Human Rights,

Slovakia

•	Mrs Ivetta MACEJKOVA, President, Constitutional Court

•	Mr Eduard BARANY, Former Vice President, Constitutional Court of Slovakia, Head of Public Law and Theory of State and law Unit, Slovak Academy of Sciences (Substitute Member)

Slovenia

•	Mr Klemen JAKLIC, Professor of constitutional law

•	Mr Peter JAMBREK, Professor, Dean, Graduate School Government and European Affairs, Dean of the European Law Faculty at Nova Gorica (Substitute Member)

Spain

•	Ms Maria Angeles AHUMADA RUIZ, Director General for Legal Coordination, Office of the President

Sweden

•	Mr Iain CAMERON, Professor, University of Uppsala

•	Mr Johan HIRSCHFELDT, Former President, Svea Court of Appeal (Substitute Member)

Switzerland

•	Mme Gret HALLER, Senior lecturer at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe - University, Frankfurt am Main (Germany), former President (Speaker) of the Swiss Parliament

•	Mrs Monique JAMETTI GREINER, Vice Director, Head of the International Relations Department, Federal Office of Justice (Substitute Member)

"The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"

•	Ms Gordana SILJANOVSKA-DAVKOVA, Professor of law, University "Ss Cyril and Methodius"

•	Ms Tanja KARAKAMISHEVA, Professor, Law Faculty, University St. Cyril and Methodius (Substitute Member)

Turkey

•	Mr. Ergun ÖZBUDUN, Professor, Department of Political Science, Bilkent University

•	Mr Erdal ONAR, Associate Professor, Constitutional Law Department, University of Ankara (Substitute Member)

Ukraine

•	Ms Marina STAVNIYCHUK, Deputy Head of the Presidential Secretariat

United Kingdom

•	Mr Jeffrey JOWELL, Q.C., Professor of Law, University College London

•	Mr Anthony BRADLEY, Professor (Substitute Member)

Associate Members

Belarus

•	Mr Anton MATOUCEWITCH, Deputy Rector, Belarussian Commercial University

Observers

Argentina

•

N. N.

Canada

•

N. N.

Holy See

•	M. Vincenzo BUONOMO, Professor of Civil Law

Japan

•	Mr Hiroyuki MINAMI, Consul, Consulate General of Japan in Strasbourg

Kazakhstan

•	M. Almaz N. KHAMZAYEV, Ambassador of Kazakhstan in Rome, Kazakh Embassy

Mexico

•	Ms Maria Amparo CASAR PEREZ, Professor

United States of America

•	Mr Jed RUBENFELD, Professor, Yale Law School

Uruguay

•	M. Jorge TALICE, Ambassador, Embassy of Uruguay

Special Status

European Commission

•	Mr Patrick HETSCH, Principal Legal Adviser

•	Ms Carmel O'REILLY (Substitute), Legal Adviser

Palestinian National Authority

•	Mr Ali KHASHAN, Minister of Justice, Ministry of Justice

South Africa (special co-operation status)

•

Mr N. N.