Title of Docent in Process Law and research on Human Rights, University of Turku, 2016-
Title of Docent in Criminal process, University of Helsinki, 2015-
Title of Docent in Process Law and research on Human Rights, University of Lapland, 2014-
Doctor of Law, University of Helsinki, Finland, 2007
Licentiate in Law, University of Helsinki, Finland, 1997
Court training, District Court of Lapland, 1980
Master of Law, University of Helsinki, Finland, 1980
Matriculation examination, Rovaniemi High School, Finland, 1975

a. Judicial activities

International positions held:

Judge of the European Court of Human Rights (1 January 2007- 31 December 2015)
Vice President of the IVth Section of the European Court of Human Rights (1 November 2013 – 31 December 2015)
Lawyer, Registry of the European Court of Human Rights (18 June – 31 December 2001)
Exchange studentship in the prosecutor establishment in Sweden (1 April – 30 June 1999)

Domestic positions held:

State Prosecutor, Office of the Prosecutor General (1 February 1999 – 31 December 2006)
District Prosecutor, Lahti Prosecutor’s Office (1 September 1990 – 31 January 1999)
Assistant Judge of the Court of Appeal, Kouvola Court of Appeal (1 August 1982 –31 August 1990)
Referendary, Office of the Parliamentary Ombudsman (14 September 1998 –31 January 1999, secondary occupation)
District Judge, Lahti District Court (1 October 1994 – 31 December 1995)
District Judge, Orimattila District Court (1 February – 31 May 1990)
District Prosecutor, Lahti Prosecutor’s Office (1 January 1986 – 4 April 1988)
District Judge, Lahti District Court (1982 - 1986 several appointments of different length, secondary occupation)
Legal Aid Counsel, Lahti (1 June – 31 August 1982)
Legal Aid Counsel, Sodankylä (12 November 1981 – 28 February 1982)
Rural Police Chief, Kolari Police District (22 May – 21 June 1980)

b. Non-judicial legal activities

Assistant in Criminal and Procedural Law, Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, (1 July 1996 – 31 March 1997)
Researcher, University of Helsinki (1 January – 30 June 1996)
Research Assistant, the National Research Institute of Legal Policy
(28 August –21 November 1980)

Public office

Member of a working group set up by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health tasked with regulations concerning the Mental Health Act: those concerning criminal patients in the Penal Code (2005 – 2006).
Board member of the National Research Institute of Legal Policy 2004 – 2007
Member of a working group set up by the Ministry of Justice tasked, based on international obligations, with preparing penal provisions in respect of trafficking in human beings, sexual abuse of children, child pornography and illegal immigration (2002 – 2003).
Member of an expert working group set up by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health to develop the practice to uncover offences against children (2001 – 2003).
Member of a working group set up by the Ministry of Justice tasked with assessing the use of video hearings in courts of law in the case of intimidated witnesses (2003).
Member of a working group that focused on the arrangement of prosecutors’ basic training (2000 –2001).
Member of the crime prevention committee set up by the Ministry of Justice (1999 –2002).
Member of a working group tasked with the revision of the legislation on the execution of sentences to social service and the tasks of Probation Services (1998 – 1999).

Lecturing on the field of human rights

Lectures on the field of criminal procedure for prosecutors and other governmental organisations.
Lectures for national judges and university students on the field of human rights

Rights of a Child in the family, will be published in April 2021
Article 6: Right to a Fair Trial: Practical Guide to the Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights (will be published later in 2021 co-author Satu Heikkilä, Intersentia)
Human Rights Handbook on ECHR case law (2017, co-author Satu Heikkilä, ISBN 978-952-14-3214-9)
Human Rights, Handbook on ECHR case law (2013, co-author Satu Heikkilä, ISBN 978-951-37-6339-8)
Examination of the sexual abuse of children; A practical legal guide (2007, ISBN 978-951-0-32622-0)
Criminal Process in Sexual Crimes against Children. The Actualization of The Human and Basic Rights of a Child’s Integrity in a Legal Process”. (2006, ISBN 951-0-32616-X)
An article, the Journal of the Finnish Lawyers’ Association, vol. 95, 1997 number 7:

Venice Commission

Council of Europe