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CDL-REF(2025)017  English  31/03/2025 -  Public
Türkiye - Amendments to the Turkish code on criminal procedure related to criminal judgeships of peace 
CDL-REF(2024)031  English  09/09/2024 -  Public
Türkiye - Law on the Council of Judges and Prosecutors 
CDL-REF(2024)029  English  09/09/2024 -  Public
Türkiye - Constitution of the Republic of Türkiye 
CDL-JU(2022)004  English  17/12/2022 -  Public
Constitutional Complaint in Türkiye: A Decade of Experience, Paper presented to the Venice Commission by Mr Zühtü ARSLAN, President of the Constitutional Court of Türkiye, Venice, Italy, 17 December 2022 
CDL-REF(2022)043  English  07/10/2022 -  Public
Türkiye - Comments submitted by the Turkish authorities on 6 October 2022 regarding the draft urgent joint opinion of the Venice Commission and the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law (DGI) of the Council of Europe on the draft amendments to the Penal Code regarding the provision on "false or misleading information" 
CDL-PI(2022)032  French  07/10/2022 -  Public
Türkiye - Avis conjoint urgent de la Commission de Venise et la Direction Générale des Droits de l'Homme et de l'Etat de Droit (DGI) du Conseil de l'Europe sur le projet d'amendements au Code pénal concernant la disposition relative aux "informations fausses ou trompeuses"   (H. KJERULF THORGEIRSDOTTIR, D. Kevin, T. LANGÁŠEK)
CDL-PI(2022)032  English  07/10/2022 -  Public
Türkiye - Urgent Joint Opinion of the Venice Commission and the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law (DGI) of the Council of Europe on the draft amendments to the Penal Code regarding the provision on “false or misleading information" - Issued persuant to Article 14a of the Venice Commission’s Rules of Procedure   (H. KJERULF THORGEIRSDOTTIR, D. Kevin, T. LANGÁŠEK)
CDL-REF(2022)039  English  30/09/2022 -  Public
Türkiye - Article 29 of the Legislative Proposal on Amendment to the Press Law and Some Other Laws and Information Note 
CDL-REF(2022)038  English  30/09/2022 -  Public
Türkiye - General Justification of the Legislative Proposal on Amendment to the Press Law and Some Other Laws 
CDL(2022)016  English  03/06/2022 -  Public
Turkey - Draft joint opinion of the Venice Commission and the OSCE/ODIHR on the amendments to the electoral legislation  (S. DARMANOVIĆ, V. BÍLKOVÁ, K. PABEL)
CDL-REF(2022)016cor  English  24/05/2022 -  Public
Turkey - Law on basic provisions of elections and voter registers (N° 298) Law on parliamentary elections (N°2839) Law on political parties (N°2820) Provisions amended by law N°7393 
CDL(2021)031  English  14/06/2021 -  Public
Turkey - Draft Opinion on the compatibility with international human rights standards of Law no. 7262 on the Prevention of Financing of the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction recently passed by Turkey’s National Assembly, amending, inter alia, the Law on Associations (No. 2860)   (P. VAN DIJK, C. PINELLI, H. KJERULF THORGEIRSDOTTIR)
CDL-REF(2021)037  English  20/04/2021 -  Public
Turkey - Law N°5253 - Associations Law 
CDL-REF(2021)036  English  20/04/2021 -  Public
Turkey - Law N° 2860 - Law on Collection of Aid 
CDL-REF(2021)035  English  20/04/2021 -  Public
Turkey - Law N°7262 - Law on Countering Financing of Proliferation  
CDL(2020)027  English  25/09/2020 -  Public
Turkey - Draft opinion on the July 2020 amendments to the Attorneyship Law of 1969  (J. MCBRIDE, N. EȘANU, J. SØRENSEN, R. KIENER, P. CAROZZA)
CDL-REF(2020)064  English  02/09/2020 -  Public
Turkey - Attorneyship Law n°1136 of 19 March 1969 with amendments of 11 July 2020 - Consolidated version 
CDL-REF(2020)033  English  21/07/2020 -  Public
Turkey - Law no. 7249 of 11 July 2020 amending the Attorneyship Law (no. 1136 of 19 March 1969) and the explanatory note (of 30 June 2020)  
CDL-REF(2020)032  English  21/07/2020 -  Public
Turkey - Attorneyship Law (no. 1136 of 19 March 1969), before the 2020 amendments 
CDL(2020)010  French  02/06/2020 -  Public
Turquie - projet d'avis sur le remplacement de candidats élus et de maires   (J. CASTELLÀ ANDREU, P. BUSSJÄGER, P. CAROZZA, T. OTTY)
CDL-REF(2020)020  English  30/04/2020 -  Public
Turkey - Decision by the Supreme Election Council of 11 April 2019 and Statement by the Ministry of the interior on its decisions of 19 August 2019  
CDL(2020)010  English  05/03/2020 -  Public
Turkey - Draft opinion on the replacement of elected candidates and mayors   (J. CASTELLÀ ANDREU, P. BUSSJÄGER, P. CAROZZA, T. OTTY)
CDL-REF(2018)034  English  05/07/2018 -  Public
Turkey - Law on presidential elections 
CDL-REF(2018)033  English  05/07/2018 -  Public
Turkey - Law on parliamentary elections  
CDL-REF(2018)032  English  05/07/2018 -  Public
Turkey - Law on political parties  
CDL-REF(2018)031  English  04/07/2018 -  Public
Turkey - The law on basic provisions on elections and voter registers  
CDL(2017)031  English  22/09/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Draft Opinion on the Provisions of the Emergency Decree Law N°674 of 1 September 2016, which concern the exercise of Local Democracy   (J. VELAERS, R. CLAYTON QC, R. KIENER)
CDL(2017)031  French  22/09/2017 -  Public
Turquie - Projet d'avis sur les dispositions du décret-loi d'urgence N°674 du 1er septembre 2016 relatives à l'exercice de la démocratie locale  (J. VELAERS, R. CLAYTON QC, R. KIENER)
CDL-JU(2017)005  English  30/07/2017 -  Public
The State of Emergency and the Principle of Non-refoulement: The Example of Turkey - Report by Mr. Mücahit AYDIN, Rapporteur-Judge, Constitutional Court of Turkey ( 16th meeting of the Joint Council on Constitutional Justice Mini-Conference on "Courageous courts: security, xenophobia and fundamental rights")  (M. AYDIN)
CDL(2017)007  English  27/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey -Draft Opinion on the Amendments to the Constitution adopted by the Grand National Assembly on 21 January 2017 and to be submitted to a national referendum on 16 April 2017  (J. SCHOLSEM, H. SUCHOCKA, K. TUORI, S. CLEVELAND, V. BÍLKOVÁ)
CDL(2017)006  English  24/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Draft Opinion on the Measures provided in the recent Emergency Decree Laws with respect to Freedom of the Media   (C. GRABENWARTER, H. KJERULF THORGEIRSDOTTIR, R. KIENER, M. KUIJER)
CDL(2017)005  English  24/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Draft opinion on the duties, competences and functioning of the criminal peace judgeships  (R. BARRETT, N. EȘANU, G. NEPPI MODONA, J. HIRSCHFELDT)
CDL(2017)005  French  24/02/2017 -  Public
Turquie - Projet d’avis sur la mission, les compétences et le fonctionnement des formations de juges de paix statuant en matière pénale   (R. BARRETT, N. EȘANU, G. NEPPI MODONA, J. HIRSCHFELDT)
CDL-REF(2017)018  English  23/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Law No. 6771 amending the Constitution  
CDL-REF(2017)015  English  22/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Ministry of Justice - Directorate General for EU Affairs - Information Note on the issues to be handled in the visit of the Venice Commission regarding the constitutional Amendments (20-21 February 2017)  
CDL-REF(2017)014  English  22/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Emergency Decree Law N°HKH 685 on the creation of the Inquiry Commission 
CDL-REF(2017)010  English  22/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Government Memorandum on the Measures taken during the State of Emergency relevant to the Freedom of the Media 
CDL-REF(2017)004  English  08/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Criminal judgeships of peace - Memorandum of the Ministry of Justice 
CDL-REF(2017)005  English  06/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Unofficial translation of the amendments to the Constitution  
CDL-REF(2017)003  English  06/02/2017 -  Public
Turkey - Constitution as it would result from the amendments adopted by the Grand National Assembly on 21 January 2017 
CDL(2017)006  French  02/02/2017 -  Public
Turquie - Projet d'avis sur les mesures adoptées en vertu des décrets-lois promulgués récemment dans le cadre de l'Etat d'urgence sous l'angle du respect de la liberté de la presse  (C. GRABENWARTER, H. KJERULF THORGEIRSDOTTIR, R. KIENER, M. KUIJER)
CDL(2016)039  English  25/11/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Draft Opinion on Emergency decree Laws Nos. 667-676 adopted following the failed coup of 15 July 2016  
CDL-REF(2016)061add  French  24/11/2016 -  Public
Turquie - Décrets-lois n° 675 et 676 du 29 octobre 2016 pris dans le cadre de l'état d'urgence 
CDL-REF(2016)067  English  22/11/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Memorandum prepared by the Ministry of Justice of Turkey for the visit of the delegation of the Venice Commission to Ankara on 3 and 4 November 2016 in connection with the emergency decree Laws  
CDL-REF(2016)061  English  10/11/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Emergency Decree Laws of July-September 2016, Nos. 667 - 674 
CDL(2016)033  English  30/09/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Draft Opinion on the suspension of the second paragraph of Article 83 of the Constitution (Parliamentary inviolability)  (J. SCHOLSEM, K. TUORI, J. OMEJEC, D. MERIDOR, M. FRENDO)
CDL-REF(2016)056  English  21/09/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Law No. 6718 - Constitutional amendment as to lifting parliamentary immunity 
CDL-REF(2016)055  English  21/09/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Information note of the Ministry of Justice on the constitutional amendment as to lifting parliamentary immunity introduced by the law No. 6718 
CDL-JU(2016)010  English  27/07/2016 -  Public
Turkish Constitutional Court decisions on interim measure regarding expulsion procedures - Report by Serhat KÖKSAL, Rapporteur-Judge, Constitutional Court, Turkey (15th meeting of the Joint Council on Constitutional Justice Mini-Conference on "Migration")  (S. KÖKSAL)
CDL-REF(2016)047  English  12/07/2016 -  Public
Turkey - Law on the Draft Amendments to the Law on the Court of Cassation, to the Law on the Council of State and to some other Laws of Turkey  
CDL(2016)017  English  27/06/2016 -  Public
Draft Opinion on the Legal Framework governing Curfews in Turkey  (H. SUCHOCKA, J. VELAERS, G. JERIBI, J. CORREIA)
CDL(2016)017  French  27/04/2016 -  Public
Projet d'avis sur le cadre juridique régissant les mesures de couvre-feu de la Turquie  (H. SUCHOCKA, J. VELAERS, G. JERIBI, J. CORREIA)
CDL(2016)016  English  27/04/2016 -  Public
Draft Opinion on Law N° 5651 on Regulation of Publications on the Internet and combating Crimes committed by means of such Publications ("The Internet Law") of Turkey  (P. VAN DIJK, H. KJERULF THORGEIRSDOTTIR, R. CLAYTON QC, W. BENEDEK, K. TURK)
CDL-REF(2016)028  French  19/04/2016 -  Public
Dispositions constitutionnelles et legislatives régissant le couvre-feu en Turquie 
CDL-REF(2016)028  English  19/04/2016 -  Public
Constitutional and Legal Framework governing Curfew in Turkey 
CDL-REF(2016)027  English  15/04/2016 -  Public
Judgement of the Constitutional Court of Turkey (Nb 2014/87E, 2015/112K) of 8 December 2015 - Extracts of relevance for the Law on Regulation of Publications on the Internet and combating Crimes committed by means of such Publications of Turkey  
CDL-REF(2016)026  English  15/04/2016 -  Public
The Law on Regulation of Publications on the Internet and Combating Crimes Committed by means of such Publications of Turkey and Amendments of 27 March 2015  
CDL(2016)007  English  25/02/2016 -  Public
Draft Opinion on articles 216, 299, 301 and 314 of the Penal Code of Turkey  
CDL-JU(2016)001  English  02/02/2016 -  Public
Conference on international experience on introducing constitutional amendments and on constitutional revision, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan 
CDL-REF(2016)011  English  01/02/2016 -  Public
Penal Code of Turkey 
CDL(2012)049  English  10/07/2012 -  Public
Report "External and internal aspects of the independence of the judiciary", Istanbul, Turkey, 28-29 June 2012  (G. NEPPI MODONA)
CDL(2011)066  English  30/09/2011 -  Public
Draft opinion on the law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the Constitutional Court of Turkey  (P. VAN DIJK, C. GRABENWARTER, P. PACZOLAY)
CDL(2011)065  English  15/09/2011 -  Public
Comments on the law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the constitutional court of Turkey (law n°: 6216, adopted 30 March 2011) 
CDL(2011)064  English  15/09/2011 -  Public
Comments on the law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the constitutional court of Turkey (law n°: 6216, adopted 30 March 2011)  (C. GRABENWARTER)
CDL(2011)063  English  15/09/2011 -  Public
Comments on the law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the constitutional court of Turkey (law n°:6216, adopted 30 March 2011)  (P. VAN DIJK)
CDL(2011)062  English  15/09/2011 -  Public
Comments on the law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the constitutional court of Turkey (law n° : 6216, adopted 30 March 2011)  (P. PACZOLAY)
CDL-REF(2011)047  English  12/09/2011 -  Public
Law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the constitutional court of Turkey (law N° 6216, adopted 30 March 2011) 
CDL-JU-PV(2011)001  English  31/08/2011 -  Public
10th meeting of the Joint Council on Constitutional Justice - Ankara, 30 June - 1 July 2011- Report 
CDL(2011)003  English  08/03/2011 -  Public
Draft opinion on the draft law on judges and prosecutors of Turkey  (J. HAMILTON, B. Maan)
CDL(2011)003  French  08/03/2011 -  Public
Projet d'avis relatif au projet de loi sur les juges et les procureurs de la Turquie  (J. HAMILTON, B. Maan)
CDL(2011)002  English  16/02/2011 -  Public
Comments on the draft law on judges and prosecutors of Turkey 
CDL(2011)001  English  16/02/2011 -  Public
Comments on the draft law on judges and prosecutors of Turkey  (J. HAMILTON)
CDL-REF(2011)003  English  03/02/2011 -  Public
Draft Law on the establishment and rules of procedure of the Constitutional Court of Turkey 
CDL-REF(2011)002  English  10/01/2011 -  Public
Draft law on judges and prosecutors of Turkey 
CDL(2010)139  English  13/12/2010 -  Public
Draft opinion on the draft law on the high council for judges and prosecutors (of 27 September 2010) of Turkey 
CDL(2010)125  English  30/11/2010 -  Public
Draft law on the high council for judges and prosecutors of Turkey (Preliminary draft as of 27 September 2010) 
CDL(2010)123  English  30/11/2010 -  Public
Comments on the draft law on the high council for judges and prosecutors of Turkey 
CDL(2010)121  English  30/11/2010 -  Public
Comments on the draft law on the high council for judges and prosecutors of Turkey 
CDL(2010)120  English  30/11/2010 -  Public
Comments on the draft law on the high council for judges and prosecutors of Turkey  (J. HAMILTON)
CDL(2010)119  French  30/11/2010 -  Public
Observations sur le projet de loi sur le haut conseil des juges et procureurs de Turquie  (J. DE GUILLENCHMIDT)
CDL(2010)118  English  30/11/2010 -  Public
Comments on the draft law on the high council for judges and prosecutors of Turkey  (S. BARTOLE)
CDL(2010)011  English  05/03/2010 -  Public
Draft Opinion on the Legal Status of non-Muslim Religious Communities in Turkey and the Right of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Istanbul to use the adjective “Ecumenical"  (P. VAN DIJK, C. GRABENWARTER, F. SEJERSTED)
CDL(2010)014  English  23/02/2010 -  Public
Comments on the Legal Status of non-muslim religious communities in Turkey and the Right of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Istanbul to use the adjective "Ecumenical"  (C. GRABENWARTER)
CDL(2010)013  English  23/02/2010 -  Public
Comments on the Legal Status of non-muslim religious communities in Turkey and the Right of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Istanbul to use the adjective "Ecumenical"  (P. VAN DIJK)
CDL(2010)012  English  23/02/2010 -  Public
Comments on the Legal Status of non-muslim religious communities in Turkey and the Right of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Istanbul to use the adjective "Ecumenical"  (F. SEJERSTED)
CDL(2009)183  English  04/12/2009 -  Public
Draft Report on the visit of a Venice Commission delegation to Turkey to gather information on the legal status of religious communities (Istanbul / Ankara, 9-11 November 2009) 
CDL(2009)014  English  24/02/2009 -  Public
Draft Opinion on the Constitutional and Legal Provisions relevant to the Prohibition of Political Parties in Turkey  (P. VAN DIJK, C. GRABENWARTER, H. VOGEL, K. TUORI, C. CLOSA MONTERO, F. SEJERSTED)
CDL(2008)146  English  08/12/2008 -  Public
Comments on the constitutional and legal provisions relevant for the prohibition of political parties in Turkey  (C. GRABENWARTER)
CDL(2008)141  English  08/12/2008 -  Public
Comments on the constitutional and legal provisions relevant for the prohibition of political parties in Turkey  (K. TUORI)
CDL(2008)140  English  05/12/2008 -  Public
Comments on the constitutional and legal provisions relevant for the prohibition of Political Parties in Turkey  (C. CLOSA MONTERO)
CDL(2008)139  English  05/12/2008 -  Public
Comments on the Constitutional and Legal Provisions relevant for the Prohibition of Political Parties in Turkey 
CDL(2008)138  English  04/12/2008 -  Public
Comments on the Constitutional and Legal Provisions relevant for the Prohibition of Political Parties in Turkey  (F. SEJERSTED)
CDL(2008)137  English  04/12/2008 -  Public
Comments on the Constitutional and Legal Provisions relevant for the Prohibition of Political Parties in Turkey  (P. VAN DIJK)
CDL(2004)034  English  03/06/2004 -  Public
Draft Opinion on the Draft Constitutional Amendments with Regard to the Constitutional Court of Turkey  (P. PACZOLAY)
CDL(2004)034  French  03/06/2004 -  Public
Projet d'avis sur le projet d'amendements constitutionnels relatifs à la Cour constitutionnelle de la Turquie  (P. PACZOLAY)
CDL(2004)033  English  11/05/2004 -  Public
Draft Constitutional Amendments with regard to the Constitutional Court of Turkey prepared by the Constitutional Court of Turkey and transmitted to the Turkish Grand National Assembly 
CDL(2000)089  Engl./Fr.  06/12/2000 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on the execution of constitutional review decisions / Réponses au questionnaire sur l’exécution des arrêts des juridictions constitutionnelles 
CDL-JU(1997)025  French  01/01/1997 -  Public
Descriptions des Cours constitutionnelles (Albanie - Allemagne - Autriche - Bélarus - Belgique - Bulgarie - Croatie - Espagne - Estonie - France - Hongrie - Italie - « l’ex -République yougoslave de Macédoine » - Lituanie - Malte - Pologne - République Tchèque - Portugal - Roumanie - Slovaquie - Slovénie - Suisse - Turquie) 
CDL-JU(1997)004  English  01/01/1997 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on the composition of constitutional courts 
CDL-JU(1997)004  French  01/01/1997 -  Public
Réponses au questionnaire sur la composition des cours constitutionnelles 
CDL-MIN(1997)001  English  01/01/1997 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on the participation of members of minorities in public life 
CDL-NAT(1996)006  English  01/01/1996 -  Public
Summary tables of replies to the questionnaire on the consequences of state succession for nationality 
CDL-NAT(1996)006  French  01/01/1996 -  Public
Tableaux récapitulatifs des réponses au questionnaire sur les incidences de la succession d'Etats sur la nationalité 
CDL-DI(1996)005  English  01/01/1996 -  Public
Additional replies to the questionnaire on "the Legal Foundation of Foreign Policy" (Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Croatia, Czech republic, France, Finland, Hungary, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Turkey, Russia) 
CDL-DI(1996)005  French  01/01/1996 -  Public
Réponses complémentaires au questionnaire sur "Les fondements juridiques de la politique étrangère" (Autriche, Bulgarie, Bélarus, Croatie, République Tchèque, France, Finlande, Hongrie, Néderlands, Portugal, République slovaque, Slovénie, Turquie, Russie) 
CDL-DI(1996)004  English  01/01/1996 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on "the consequences of state succession for nationality" (Albania, Argentina, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine) 
CDL-NAT(1996)002  English  01/01/1996 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on the consequences of state succession for nationality 
CDL-IMM(1996)002prov  English  01/01/1996 -  Public
Annex 1: Tables summarising replies to the questionnaire on parliamentary immunity 
CDL-IMM(1996)002prov  French  01/01/1996 -  Public
Annexe 1 : Tableaux récapitulatifs des réponses au questionnaire sur le régime des immunités parlementaires 
CDL-DI(1995)004  English  01/01/1995 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on the legal foundation of foreign policy (Austria, Finland, Georgia, Liechtenstein, Portugal, Russia, Turkey) 
CDL-NAT(1995)003  English  01/01/1995 -  Public
Appendix II: Summary Tables of replies to the questionnaire on the consequence of state succession for nationality 
CDL-NAT(1995)003  French  01/01/1995 -  Public
Appendice II : Tableaux récapitulatifs des réponses au questionnaire sur les incidences de la succession d'Etats sur la nationalité 
CDL-NAT(1995)002prov  English  01/01/1995 -  Public
Replies to the questionnaire on the consequence of state succession for nationality (Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Luxembourg, Moldova, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey) 
CDL(1992)041  English  01/01/1992 -  Public
Replies to questionnaire on the documentation Centre (France - Hungary - Cyprus - Netherlands - Bulgaria - Austria - Belgium - Canada - Czechoslovakia - Germany - Iceland - Italy - Poland - Portugal - Romania - Russia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - USA) 
CDL(1992)041add  English  01/01/1992 -  Public
Replies to questionnaire on the documentation Centre (France - Hungary - Cyprus - Netherlands - Bulgaria - Austria - Belgium - Canada - Czechoslovakia - Germany - Iceland - Italy - Poland - Portugal - Romania - Russia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - USA) 
CDL(1992)041add2  English  01/01/1992 -  Public
Replies to questionnaire documentation Centre (France - Hungary - Cyprus - Netherlands - Bulgaria - Austria - Belgium - Canada - Czechoslovakia - Germany - Iceland - Italy - Poland - Portugal - Romania - Russia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - USA) 
CDL(1992)041add3  English  01/01/1992 -  Public
Replies to questionnaire documentation Centre(France - Hungary - Cyprus - Netherlands - Bulgaria - Austria - Belgium - Canada - Czechoslovakia - Germany - Iceland - Italy - Poland - Portugal - Romania - Russia - Slovenia - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - USA) 
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